on ‘diversity of tactics’
After what happened in Toronto last weekend with the G20 meeting, I’ve been trying to figure out what I think of black bloc tactics. At a general level I suppose a good place to start is to consider the place of anarchism within the (global) movement for social justice. Anarchists1, very generally, believe that capitalism must be overcome in order to rid the world of great social injustices, like racism, poverty, homophobia, colonialism, and inequality in general. Also fundamental, is opposition to all forms of heirarchy and external control; this means opposition to all supra-local government, and support for local autonomous communities. As David McNally says in this interesting interview on the CBC last week, many anarchists are prominent and active community activists, starting and leading local activities that contribute to vibrant and strong communities. There are some anarchist that embrace ‘black bloc tactics’ which seek to radicalize people by provoking displays of violent force by the state, violence which is perpetrated in different less visible forms all the time (e.g. cutting support for the poor and unemployed, racial profiling (e.g. Maher Arar), breaking unions (e.g. USW in Sudbury)). Their tactic for provoking this display of violence by the state is often to the destroy property of the state and complicit corporations.
Leading up to the G20 protests, I had a sense that the organizers of the large protests that were to take place had managed to create a broad coalition of labour, socialist, and anarchist groups that respected each other’s ‘diversity of tactics’.2 At the big ‘Shout Out For Global Justice’ event on Friday night organized by the Council of Canadians, there was a, I thought, a noticeable tension between the labour speakers and the anti-poverty, indigenous rights, social justice speakers (e.g. difference b/w Leo Gerard, United Steel Workers president,and Naomi Klein). But I was hopeful that these differences were being broached by a shared commitment to justice and ending capitalism.
Regardless of the amount of destruction committed by police agents provocateurs, some anarchists embrace black block tactics, and it is worth thinking about whether their actions are helpful and strategically useful, or if they are individualistic and strategically poor.
I was going to write/think about this more, but this article called “In the Aftermath of the G20: Reflections on Strategy, Tactics and Militancy” does a better job.
- here’s an interesting article on anarchism by Noam Chomsky; qt: “The problem of ‘freeing man from the curse of economic exploitation and political and social enslavement’ remains the problem of our time. As long as this is so, the doctrines and the revolutionary practice of libertarian socialism [aka anarchism] will serve as an inspiration and guide.” [↩]
- Toronto chief of police Bill Blair (shame!) at a press conference recently said “They embraced a euphemism they call the diversity of tactics. That is their diversity of tactics,” and pointed to a display of captured implements of destruction. [↩]
Tags: anarchism, naomiklein, politics
This entry was posted on Monday, July 5th, 2010 at 2:11 pm and is filed under thoughts. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.
July 12th, 2010 at 1:42 pm
Okay,
Here is a response I emailed Andy regarding the above article from ‘The Bullet.’ He then responded by inserting commentary within my original comment. I will paste here that version in case anyone else whats to get in on the conversation.
ORION: I think I generally agree but am torn about the denunciation of black bloc tactics and perhaps even diversity of tactics.
People keep saying, like the article, that the black bloc allow the state to justify police brutality. I think black bloc tactics give the state the opportunity to justify police brutality – but it is us that allow that justification to pass.
ANDY: But its not about justifying or not (i.e. the ethics of violence), it is about media/imaging strategy; black bloc tactics create a situation where, because of the police response, the image/message of the anti-capitalist movement is no longer controlled (or less easily controlled) by the movement itself.
ORION: I personally found the police brutality rather exhilarating because it was so stark. I am insecure about that feeling, because I recognize that it comes from a pretty secure place in society and other people can’t afford to be exhilarted and instead are just plain terrified, and oppressed. But i still can’t get away from the feeling that if the police DIDN’t engage in violent tactics these protests would be less radicalizing experiences.
ANDY: True for some (like us). but violence also discourages a broader participation by people like my parents who were discouraged in participating in the rallies by perceived risk of encounters with violent situations…
ORION: Perhaps, we don’t want to be radicalized in that kind of ‘fuck the police’ kind of way i’m not sure.
ANDY: Ya. ignore the police. make it a positive movement, not an anti- movement.
ORION: What worries me is that if we didn’t have anyone breaking windows and lighting fires – than the police would not see the easy opportunity to crack down violently – but the state would still be faced with the need to repress dissent etc. and so would necessarily find more subtle and so more effective ways of oppression – i’m not sure perhaps that is giving the powers that be too much credit, and perhaps i am seduced by romanticism of all the riot porn.
ANDY: The state (or the elite via the state) already does repress dissent in these subtle and effective ways [e.g. making welfare and EI recipients feel shame?; cutting social services while cutting taxes on the wealthy; mike harris cut funding for government agencies that educated people about their rights, the idea being that even though people still had rights if they didnt know about them they wouldnt complain when they were violated or ignored].
ORION: but still I am tempted by the thought – that the Black block provokes the state into being more explicitly violent because it thinks it can get away with it by scapegoating the black bloc.
ANDY: It does get away with it, no?
ORION: basically i think there is a place for provoking the state into cracking down violently – the imperative is that once they’ve been provoked into – don’t let them get away with it. So the most important task is insisting on differentiating the word violence between protester property damage and police beating and detaining people. And insisting – somehow – that there is no justification for the normalization of police intimidation (again, scarier I think than police brutality because it is subtler and more wide ranging).
This means I think trying to tell everyone loud and clear that the police wanted the black bloc to do everything the black bloc did because it justified all this repression practice and intimidation that they want to do no matter what – and how thats linked to upcoming austerity etc.
But it does not mean, making what seems like the next logical step in thinking – that because the police want it, we shouldn’t engage in it.
I definitely agree with the article that it seems like strategy is what organizers should be talking about more than tactics. Because theres a time and and a place for any tactics – so the problem is more the idea of ‘diversity of tactics’ which ends up with everyone employing all tactics all at once – than with black bloc tactics themselves.
it definitely would have been an incredible message, and feat of organization, to have had no property damage occur during the G20 weekend or better yet no protest at all – and then everyone show up a week later for a huge protest.
ANDY: Ya, that would be amazing!
ORION: But it would only have been a huge message because of the 1.1 billion spent on security, which was only provoked (or able to be spent so visibly) because of previous black bloc tactics.
and I’m not sure that the results wouldn’t have been the same – a PR battle: The police would have announced the effectivness of all their spending – that the spending was justified by their success in avoiding all damage. Protestors would have to fight for the credit for not damaging property and would not have had the exhilerating, radicalizing experience, of participating in little mini-moments of solidarity in the face of an obvious police violence.
I think what is important is solidarity with all tactics – in retrospect.
I definitely think there should be more intolerance on the part of protest organizers of tactics they have not strategized. So, like you see at Montabello, organizers should denounce anyone using tactics they think will be counter-productive at that time and place. But that should only occur in organizing a protest and maybe during a protest.
After a protest it is extremely important not to go about denouncing black bloc tactics to the general public (only perhaps in private with other organizers) Some of the labour unions are doing this because they are cowed – they think will lose the PR fight and lose their legitimacy if they get tainted with the ‘violence’ brush – they say – if we knew who these people were we’d hand them over to the police, they are undermining the messages of peaceful protestors. Thats the worse PR line – because it plays into the argument that police intimidation is justified on accunt of a few bad apples, a la war on terror, a la war on drugs etc.
ANDY: Ya, solidarity is important (afterwards, at least.)
hmm, now i’m confused again. But i do think that the black bloc tactics in toronto were stupid. breaking shit is dumb! make shit! anyone can go around being destructive; it’s sooo not inspiring.
ORION AND ANDY: uhhh yeah.